Contains correspondence, personal history, and business papers of both Zitkala-S̈a and her husband, Raymond Bonnin, with the bulk focusing on Gertrude's activities. Zitkala-S̈a was a central figure in early twentieth century Indian reform, and this collection reflects her intensive involvement. She was instrumental in legislation favorable to Indians and spent a great deal of her time among the Native Americans in an attempt to educate and organize them for greater strength through unity. Although the chronological range of the collection is wide, the majority of materials date from the period of the National Council of American Indians (of which Zitkala-S̈a was president and Raymond was secretary), which existed from 1926 until Zitkala-S̈a's death in 1938. Included in the collection are drafts of her speeches in defense of Native Americans. Many prominent political advocates for Native American rights, voices from individuals on the reservations, and civilians active in the relief efforts are featured in the material, making this collection a unique collaboration of many forces.