The Department of Political Science (1921-1979) was an instructional unit at Brigham Young University.

The Department of Political Science was established in 1921 as part of the division of the earlier Department of History and Political Science, and was initially associated with both the College of Arts and Sciences and the College of Commerce and Business Administration. The department was responsible for student instruction in the areas of political theory, politics, public administration, comparative government, and international law and relations. In 1954 the department was moved to the College of Humanities and Social Sciences, then in 1966 to the College of Social Sciences. The department was reorganized in 1979 and renamed the Department of Government.

Department chairs in political science included chairs, Christen Jensen (1921-1923, and 1936-1948), Thomas C. Romney (1924-1928), Russel B. Swensen (1950-1954), Russel B. Swensen (1954-1955), Richard D. Poll (1955-1957), Stewart L. Grow (1957-1961), Mark W. Cannon (1961-1964), Jesse W. Reeder (1964-1966), John T. Bernhard (1966-1968), Edwin B. Morrell (1968-1970), and Ray C. Hillam (1970-1979).

The Department of Government (1979-1982) was an instructional unit at Brigham Young University.

The Department of Government was formed in 1979 in a reorganization of the earlier Department of Political Science. The unit was responsible for student instruction in the areas of political science, public policy, and justice administration. In 1981 the department was moved from the College of Social Sciences to the newly formed College of Family, Home, and Social Sciences. Then, in 1982 the department was again reorganized as the Department of Political Science.

The department chair was F. LaMond Tullis (1981-1982).