biographical statement

Citation:

nuc89-106461: Catholic Church. Pope (1590-1591 : Gregory XIV). Smi. D.N.D. Gregorii divina ... 1591 (usage on DFo rept.: Smi. D.N.D. Gregorii divina providentia Papae XIIII)

New Cath. Enc. (Gregory XIV, Pope; pontificate Dec. 5, 1590-Oct. 16, 1591; b. Niccolò Sfondrati, Feb. 11, 1535)

Encycl. britannica, via WWW, May 10, 2013 (Gregory XIV, pope; Niccolò Sfondrati; b. Feb. 11, 1535 in Somma, near Milan; d. Oct. 16, 1591 in Rome; pope from 1590-1591; appointed bishop of Cremona, 1560; cardinal, 1583; pope, Dec. 5, 1590; cardinals angered by nepotism; maintained earlier policies)

Wikipedia, via WWW, May 10, 2013 (Pope Gregory XIV; Gregorio XIV; Niccolò Sfondrati; b. Feb. 11, 1535 in Somma Lombardo, Milan; parents: Francesco Sfondrati and Anna Visconti; d. Oct. 16, 1591 in Rome; Francesco Sfondrati had been a professor of law, later appointed cardinal in 1544; studied the law at to be priest, appointed bishop of Cremona in 1560; attended Council of Trent, 1561-1563; became Cardinal-Priest in 1583; pope, Dec. 5, 1590; opposed reign of Henry IV of France, sent army to support Catholic League under nephew Ercole Sfondrati; appointed nephew Paolo Camillo Sfondrati as secretary of state; ordered reparations for Filipino natives forced into slavery)

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