Contains articles, book and encyclopedia excerpts, notes, and other materials gathered by Kane during his research on historical topics related to the Kane family. Includes information on the Bucktails Regiment, the McKean and Elk Land and Improvement Company, the Civil War, and the Mormons. Materials date from between 1854 and 1974.

Contains correspondence between Kane and William Rickards, among others, related to Kane's service during the Civil War. Materials date from between 1869 and 1878.

Contains correspondence between Kane and family members and friends. Includes discussion of the conduct of the war, command of the Bucktails Regiment, and family and personal news. Also includes correspondence on Kane's resignation in 1863, and later reminiscences. Materials date from between 1861 and 1877.

Contains correspondence, notes, clippings, and other material related to Kane's wartime service. Also contains additional materials related to the war without clear ties to Kane. Materials date from between 1861 and 1883.

Contains letters, telegraphs, newspaper clippings, and other materials related to the formation of the 42nd Pennsylvania Infantry Regiment. Contains information on his role in the unit, and conflicts with Charles J. Biddle. Materials date from between 1861 and 1906.

Contains material relating to Kane's Civil War experience, including his correspondence with his wife, his capture by the Confederate Army, his release in a prisoner exchange, his Bucktails regiment, and a variety of post-war materials, including his correspondence with the artist of the murals for the Battle of Gettysburg.